松花江和北江水污染事件中的城市供水应急处理技术

Emergent drinking water treatment in water pollution accidents in Songhuajiang River and Beijiang River

总结了近期在我国突发性水污染事件中所采用的城市供水应急处理技术。在松花江水污染事件中,采用了投加粉末活性炭和粒状活性炭过滤来吸附水中的硝基苯,其中在水厂取水口处投加粉末活性炭,把安全屏障前移是应急处理的关键措施。在广东北江镉污染事件中,紧急确定了弱碱性混凝处理的除镉技术,除镉处理的pH控制在9。经采用应急处理技术,在水源水中特征污染物超标数倍的情况下,水厂出水中污染物的浓度远远低于饮用水水质标准的限值,应急处理取得了成功。介绍了有关水污染事件的概况,总结了城市应急供水的应对措施和实施效果,并系统归纳了所用应急处理技术的要点,对全国城市供水应急系统的建设有重要的指导意义和参考价值。

This paper summarized the experiences of emergent drinking water treatment during the late water pollution accidents happened in this country. In the Songhuajiang River accident, powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon were used to adsorb nitrobenzene. In which, PAC added in source water intake of waterworks had a predominant removal. In the cadmium pollution accident in Beijiang River, a process with coagulation in alkaline condition was developed to remove cadmium. The pH value was controlled at 9. With the emergent treatment, the pollutants were removed effectively and the output water of both cases met the requirement of drinking water standards. The countermeasures, effects and the key techniques are also summarized constructing the emergent drinking water treatment system.