中国肾综合征出血热疫苗免疫效果评价和免疫策略研究

Evaluation on Efficacy of Vaccines against HFRS and study of the Strategy of Their Immunization

１９９３～１９９４年对中国试生产的肾综合征出血热沙鼠肾细胞Ⅰ型灭活疫苗（上海生研所和天元公司），乳鼠脑纯化Ⅰ型灭活疫苗（兰州生研所）和地鼠肾细胞Ⅱ型灭活疫苗（长春生研所），在疫区现场进行了人群接种、安全性观察和血清学、流行病学近期效果考核。结果：３种疫苗安全性皆较好，上海沙鼠苗、天元沙鼠苗、鼠脑苗和地鼠苗中强反应率分别为０．５６％、０．０３％、３．２６％、１．５７％。３种疫苗３针全程免疫后１４天，中和抗体阳转率地鼠苗为７８．７８％，上海沙鼠苗为５８．６４％，天元沙鼠苗为７０．００％，鼠脑苗为５１．０９％；荧光抗体阳转率地鼠苗为８２．６４％，上海沙鼠苗为９３．６９％，天元沙鼠苗为８３．３３％，鼠脑苗为８４．２７％。３种疫苗近期流行病学防病效果均较好，保护率地鼠苗为９７．６３％，上海沙鼠苗为９４．０７％，天元沙鼠苗为１００．００％，鼠脑苗为９６．００％。

The study reported the immune effect of inactivated vaccine prepared from golden hamster cells on the population with high morbidity in the area, and with high incidence rate. The neutralizing antibodies were measured by the MCPENT assay. In 2weeks, 12 months after three injections, the seroconversion rates of neutralizing antibodies were 68. 96 % (20/29) , 18. 5 % (5/27) respectively. After four injections in 12 months, the seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibody was 100 % (27/27). Geometric mean titers were 8.4, 3.2, 17. 05, respectively. Through the spring and autumn peaks of HFRS in 1995, there were no patients in the immunized group and 25 patients in the control group. The morbidity rate was 210.9/100 000, protective rate was 100 %. There were no adverse effect after immunization.These data demonstrated that the vaccine was safe and had a satisfied effect against HFRS in short period.