中国不同地区小学生数学能力发展水平差异研究

Difference in Mathematical Competencies of Elementary Students from Different Districts of China

目的探讨中国不同地区小学生数学能力发展水平的差异,为进一步研究小学生数学能力发展的影响因素奠定基础。方法根据2000年全国第5次人口普查资料,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在南部沿海区、南中部区、西南区、北部沿海区、北中部区、西北区的城区与农村抽取样本分别为3815名,3672名。结果南方,北方不同地区儿童的数学能力发展不平衡,南部沿海区数学能力发展水平较高,北部沿海区、西南区则较低,组间差异具有统计学意义(p<0.0001)。结论南,北区域间小学生数学能力发展水平存在差异,需进一步对其影响因素进行探讨。

Objective： The difference in mathematical competencies of elementary students in different districts of China was investigated for further studies on the influential factors of elementary students＇ mathematical competencies in China. Methods： According to the fifth national population census in 2000, multi-phase-stratified-cluster sampling method was employed to select randomly 3815 and 3672 elementary students from grade 1 to 6 in urban and rural schools respectively in different districts of China. Results： Significant differences in mathematical competencies of the students between the north and the south were found. Average scores of subtests were higher in south coast area while lower in north coast and southeast. Conclusions. Regional imbalance exists in mathematical competencies of elementary students between the north and the south. Factors influencing mathematical competencies need to be further studied.