建国初期社会救助体系的构建与评析——以1949-1953年的广州市为个案

The Construction of Social Relief System in the Early Days of New China and Comments Thereon: Take Guangzhou in the Period from 1949 to 1953 for a Case Study

建国初期,中共在广州构建了一个过渡性的社会救助体系,在短短的4年内,广州市通过它救助了大量的失业者和城市贫民,基本上遏制了由于新旧转轨带来的社会危机,为新政权即将展开的社会主义各项建设奠定了基础。在救助理念和救助过程上,它体现了以往社会救助的一些特点,同时也反映了我党的诸多特色,诸如鲜明的意识形态性、广泛的群众参与性和严格的组织纪律性,隐隐约约闪烁着以统一调配为主要特征的计划时代社会政策的影子。

A transitional social relief system was constructed in Guangzhou in the early days of New China. Lots of unemployed people and the urban poor got relief through this system in a short period of four years, which overcame, to a large extent, the social crisis arising from the transition from the old to the new system and laid foundation for the forthcoming socialist construction the new government would carry out. In terms of relief ideas and procedures, this relief system embodied the traits of past rulers' social relief and also introduced some distinctive features of our Party, including strong ideological colors, broad participation by the masses and strict organization and discipline, faintly predicting the coming of social policy of a planned economy characterized by unified allocation of resources.