瘤胃稳定性脂肪对产后奶牛产奶量和血液生化指标的影响

Effect of Rumen-undegraded Fat on Milk Yield and Plasma Metabolite in Postpartum Dairy Cows

40头荷斯坦高产奶牛采用配对分组设计分为对照组和试验组,每组各20头。试验组奶牛自分娩当日起在基础日粮中添加400g瘤胃稳定性脂肪,至产后90日龄时结束。统计奶产量,并分别于产后0、15、30、45、60、75和90d经尾静脉采血,检测血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、葡萄糖、尿素氮和非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)浓度。结果:补充瘤胃稳定性脂肪后牛奶产量显著升高(P<0.05),对血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、葡萄糖、尿素氮无显著影响,但引起血浆非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)产后30d内显著升高(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明在奶牛产后日粮中添加瘤胃稳定性脂肪可提高产奶量,并可能在短期内促进脂肪代谢,但对血液蛋白质和葡萄糖含量无显著影响。

Forty Holstein dairy cows were allocated equally into a coutrol and an experimental group according to matched-pair grouping design. At the beginning of parturition until 90 days after parturition, cows in the experimental group were fed basic diet supplemented with 400 g rumcn-undegraded fat. Milk yield was detected. Blood samples were collected from vena caudalis for detection of plasma total protein, albumin, goblin, glucose, urea nitrogen and nonesterified fatty acids （NEFA） on days 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 after parturition, respectively. It was found that supplemental rumen-passed fat increased milk yield without altering the concentration of plasma total protein, albumin, goblin or glucose. However, supplementation of fat significandy increased plasma NEFA concentration during the first 30 days after parturition. In conclusion, supplemental fat increased milk yield and enhanced lipolysis in a short term; however, it had no effect on plasma protein and glucose concentration.