河流泥沙模拟技术进展与展望

Development and Prospects of Simulating Technology for River Sedimentation

本文系统总结了河流模拟技术的发展过程和研究成果。河流模拟技术包括河流实体模型和泥沙数学模型两部分。在实体模型方面,已建立了一整套河工模型的相似理论、设计方法和试验技术,在模型变态、模型沙选择、高含沙水流模拟、模型测验等方面取得了重要的研究成果,并解决了大量的工程泥沙问题。在数学模型方面,建立了一维、二维和三维泥沙数学模型,并随着泥沙基本理论研究的不断深入与广泛的工程应用,在计算模式、数值计算方法、计算结果的后处理、参数选择、高含沙水流问题处理等方面均取得了重要进展。本文还展望了河流模拟技术今后的发展方向。

This paper summarizes the development and achievements of simulating technology for river sedimentation, including physical models and mathematical models. For the physical models, a complete set of similarity theories, design methods, test techniques have been set up, and a lot of important research results have been achieved in design of distorted models, selection of model sediment, simulation of hyperconcentrated flow, and model measuring, which are used for solving a lot of engineering sediment problems. For the mathematical models, 1-D, 2-D and 3-D mathematical models have been established systematically, and meaningful development has been achieved through theory researches and engineering practices, such as in calculation models, numerical methods, after-treatment of calculation results, selection of parameters, and dealing with hyperconcentrated flow. Otherwise, this paper also prospects the future development.