华北平原地面沉降调查与监测

Land Subsidence Survey and Monitoring in the North China Plain

华北平原是世界上超采地下水最严重的地区,也是地面沉降面积最大的地区。大约有70,000km2的地下水水位低于海平面。随着近20年来的经济快速发展、城市化进程的加快、地表水污染程度的增加、高层建筑的施工以及对地下水的需求与日俱增,华北平原地面沉降呈现加剧的趋势。对华北平原地面沉降调查与监测提出了一套探索性的工作思路,并在基础监测设施的建设以及综合分析研究方面取得一些积极成果。

The North China Plain has witnessed the most excessive pumping of groundwater in the world and covers the largest subsidence area on the planet. The groundwater level of approximately 70,000 km^2 in this region falls below the sea level. Surface subsidence has picked up speed over the last two decades as a result of an increasing demand for groundwater caused by fast economic growth and urbanization, pollution of surface water and construction of skyscrapers. This paper put forward a series of work programming to monitor and control land subsidence mainly caused by groundwater withdrawal in North China Plain. Finally, some progressed achievements on basic facilities construction and general study are presented in this paper.