哈姆莱特为何不能放下也不能掮起?——从新教预定论解读哈姆莱特的性格“软弱性”

Why Can Hamlet Neither Put It Down, Nor Shoulder It?——An Interpretation of “Weakness” in Hamlet's Character from Perspective of Predestination

哈姆莱特的性格是文学史上一个解不开的谜。从对文本的细读发现老哈姆莱特的鬼魂出现、哈姆莱特受鬼魂之托复仇雪恨一事具有强烈的新教预定论色彩,“重整乾坤”便成为哈姆莱特命定的使命。然而一方面“重整乾坤”和哈姆莱特个人的价值追求背道而驰;另一方面,肮脏、混乱、虚无的现实使他找寻不到重整乾坤的希望和生存的价值,理想与现实的冲突迫使哈姆莱特将自我流放到疯狂、自杀的边沿。

Hamlet＇s character is an endless riddle in the history of Shakespeare studies. A close reading of the text finds that how and why the Ghost appears is endowed with a strong impression of predestination. ＂To set it right＂ is therefore imposed on Hamlet and becomes his unshakable destiny. However, on one hand, Hamlet＇s individual value-pursuing is totally different from ＂to set it right＂ ; on the other hand, Hamlet is hopeless to realize the value of ＂to set it right＂ facing with the chaotic and false reality. The sharp conflict between pursuit and reality forces Hamlet to exile him even to the verge of being mad and committing suicide.