“未来”的断裂——论《喧哗与骚动》的时间表象

Absence of the Future——On the Image of Time in "The Sound and the Fury"

《喧哗与骚动》是美国现代著名作家福克纳的名作。文章通过对小说中的几位登场人物命运的分析,指出在他们的命运中有一个共同的特点,即都呈现出颓败和丧失的趋势。作品中的主要登场人物都不同程度地遭遇到了莫名的不安和恐怖,而他们的这一命运特征恰恰是和贯穿这部小说的福克纳的时间观有着深刻的内在联系。按照福克纳的理解,时间并不是按照过去、现在、未来这一线性方向流动着的,时间的流动在“现在”这一点上遭遇到了断裂,处于“悬置”状态,未来的走向被截断。就这样,登场人物未来命运的模糊性与时间的未来欠缺性在这里被有机地统一起来了。

With an analysis of the major characters of ＂The Sound and the Fury＂ by Willian Faulkner, this paper points out a common feature that the fates of the characters share, i.e. the tendency of collapsing and losing. All the major characters are confronted with various degrees of unidentifiable disturbance and fright, which represent the intrinsic connection with Faulkner＇ s time perspective. According to Faulkner, the flow of time is in the condition of ＂suspension＂ when facing splitting in the phase of ＂present＂, instead of flowing in linear direction of past, present and future. As a result, the future is blocked. In this novel, the ambiguity of the characters＇ future is united with the absence of the future time.