近代浙江洋油进口探析

On Petroleum Import in Modern Zhejiang

近代浙江的洋油进口主要出于外部和内部两个因素。其进口实况,在宁波、温州、杭州三个通商口岸可以大致分为迅速发展、不平衡发展、衰退三个时期。近代浙江的洋油进口,给地方经济带来了一定的积极影响,改善了企业和城乡居民的照明条件,支持了抗战,促进浙江的近代化。同时,也带来了一些消极影响,进一步扩大贸易逆差,打击本地的植物油业和蜡烛业,地方经济发展更加依赖外国资本主义。

The import of petroleum in modern Zhejiang is decided by two factors, an exterior one and an interior one. The import in Ningbo, Wenzhou and Hangzhou took place in three stages： the fast developing stage, the imbalance stage and the decining stage. The imported petroleum produces positive effect on Zhejiang in that it advanced the illuminative condition of factories and common people in Zhejiang, supported The Second World War and promoted modernization of modern Zhejiang. But it enlarged trade deficit, affected the local production of vegetable oil and candle, and made the local economy＇s increasing dependdence on capitalist countries.