唐群×Reid群玉米杂交优势利用模式分析

The Preliminary Study on the Heterosis Models for Tangsipingtou Population × Reid Population of Corn

以唐四类群和Ｒｅｉｄ类群中有代表性的自交系为材料，对唐群×Ｒ群杂优利用模式中的杂种优势和配合力进行了研究。结果表明，群内组合产量各性状的特殊配合力（ｓｃａ）小，杂种优势低；群间组合产量各性状的ｓｃａ大，杂种优势强；群间杂交种各性状表现出４种杂交反应模式和单株产量高、穗长、粒多、千粒重高的特点，但亦有抗病性等方面的不足。因此育种上一方面应对模式中的自交系进行改良提高，继续加以利用；另一方面，还应拓宽种质，鉴定出新的杂交类群。

The heterosis and combining ability for the heterosis utilization model of Tangsipingtou population × Reid population were studied with the inbred lines representing two populations.The results showed that the sca effects and heterosis of the yield properties investigated were low in the combinations of the inbred lines from the intra populations,but high in the combinations from the inter populations.The properties studied could be divided into 4 kinds of heterosis reaction models.The characteristics of the T×R heterosis model were high yield per plant,longer ear,more grains,high 1000 grain weight,but low resistance to diseases.Therefore,the inbred lines from the model populations should be improved,advanced and utilized in future breeding.It is also important to open up the new germplasms,identify the new heterosis populations,build more advanced heterosis models.