黔西南自治州1990-2003年疟疾防治观察

Malaria Control Effect in Autonomous Prefecture of Southwest Guizhou Province from 1990 to 2003

目的探索疟疾防治方法。方法对当地居民和流动人群开展发热血检,以发现现症患者,按贵州省疟疾防治方案进行根治和治疗,并清除病灶点。结果1990-2003年对110672人次进行了抗疟治疗,滞留喷洒灭蚊2732992m2。当地居民、病灶点居民、流动人群、健康人群发热血检阳性率分别为0.10%、0.58%、0.01%、0.98%。检出当地间日疟1439例,输入病例361例(37例为恶性疟)。血清学阳性率为5.09%。人房和牛房中华按蚊和微小按蚊分别占22.08%、58.72%、53.72%、39.73%。结论灭疟后期发病率逐年下降,疟疾患者高度分散,中华按蚊和微小按蚊仍是优势蚊种,血清学提示居民抗体水平下降,输入性疟疾存在极大威胁。

Objective To explore the malaria control effect. Method Blood examination of fever cases among local residents and transcient population was carried out. The malaria cases were radically treated and the malaria foci eliminated according to control program of Guizhou Province. Result A total of 110 672 preson-times were treated. Rasidual spray was conducted over 2 732 992 m^2. The positive rates of fever cases in local residents, foci residents, transcient population and healthy persons were 0.10%, 0.58%, 0.01% and 0.98% respectively. 1 439 local malaria cases and 361 imported cases （in which 37 vivix malaria cases） were detected out. The positive rate of serodiagnosis reached 5.09%. An. sinensis and An. minimus accounted for 22.08% and 58.72% in human rooms but 53.72%, 39.73% in cow-shed. Conclusion In later stage of malaria control program, the malaria incidence decreased year by year, malaria cases revealed sporadic characteristics, and An. sinensis and An. minimus were still the dominant vectors. Serodingnosis result showed that the human antibodies level was dropped. Improted malaria constituted great threat in this area.