药用竹黄菌的生物学研究进展

The Progress of Biological Research of Medicinal Fungus Shiraia bambusicola

对药用真菌竹黄菌的分类学地位,竹黄菌的寄主及生态学,竹红菌素、竹黄菌多糖、竹黄菌的抗菌谱等生物活性物质,竹黄人工培养的生物学研究进展进行了综述。提出了自然界是否存在着竹黄新种属和寄主专一性目前竹黄尚处于自生自灭状态,子座尚未能人工培养,不利竹黄物种和药源保护与可持续利用等问题;指明今后还需深入开展竹黄菌的生物学研究和探索竹黄人工培养技术,以利竹黄的开发、利用。

The research status is reviewed on taxonomic position, ecology, biological active matter and artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola. Following problems are presented ： whether there are new species and host specificity of Shiraia bambusicola. Since the artificial cultivation of stroma of Shiraia bambusicola has not been success, Shiraia bambusicola is in situation of emerge of itself and perish of itself so that it is not beneficial to resource protection and continual utilization of this medicinal fungus. It is pointed out that molecular biology of Shiraia bambusicola should be further researched and technology of artificial cultivation of Shiraia bambusicola should be explored in order to exploit and usage of Shiraia bambusicola.