二十世纪三十年代中国现代传记刍言

A Review of the Modern Chinese Biographical Literature in 1930s

三十年代中国现代传记可分为长篇自传、微型自传、一般他传、合传、评传五种类型,它们各具特色。三十年代中国现代传记的勃兴,是个性主义等思潮在文学研究领域中的表现。初步的理论准备和一定的现实动机亦是其相对繁荣的原因。三十年代中国现代传记从实践到理论较之以前都有明显的进步,处于现代传记史的上升期;但也存在一些问题。其写作困境主要体现在两个方面:个性意识与时代规范之间的冲突;历史属性与文学期待之间的摇摆。三十年中国现代传记是现代传记走向高峰的津梁,对它展开独立深入的研究可以理顺现代传记的发展脉络,廓清其整体面貌,对全面认识现代文学亦有裨益。

The modern Chinese biographical literature in 1930s could be classified into 5 categories： long autobiography, short autobiography, general biography, collective biography, and critical biography. Each has its own characteristic. The prosperity of the modern Chinese biographical literature in 1930s was the expression of the literary trends such as individualism in the literary research field, caused by the initial theoretical preparation and a certain realistic motive. Being in a period of the historical growth of modern biographical literature, the modern Chinese biographical literature in 1930s had obvious progress both in the practice and theory, and had rome problems at the same time. There were two writing difficulties： the conflict between thought of individualism and regulations of the times, and the swing between historical attribute and literary expectations. The modern Chinese biographical literature in 1930s was a bridge to reach new heights of modern biographical literature. From the independent and thorough research on this topic, we could straighten out the sequence of the development of modem biographical literature and figure out a full view of it, and more, get .some help in understanding the modern literature.