市售花生、玉米中黄曲霉毒素与伏马菌素污染水平调查

Determination of Aflatoxins and Fumonisins in the Corn and Peanut on Sale

[目的]了解南京市市售花生、玉米及其制品的黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxin,AFT)和伏马菌素B(FumonisinB,FB)的污染水平,就两者的联合污染水平进行探讨。[方法]收集南京市超市和农贸市场的部分花生、玉米及其制品,采用ELISA法测定FB与黄曲霉毒素B(1AFB1)的含量。[结果]超市所采集的19份样品AFB1的检出率为68%,平均含量为0.53μg/kg,FB的检出率为21%,平均含量为0.56mg/kg。农贸市场所采集的49份样品AFB1的检出率为59%,平均含量为6.98μg/kg,FB的检出率为76%,平均含量为9.89mg/kg。所有玉米及其制品样品AFB1和FB的联合污染率为33%,其中超市样品的联合污染率为21%,农贸市场样品的联合污染率为38%。[结论]南京市市售花生、玉米及其制品中存在AFB1和FB的污染,且玉米及其制品存在联合污染问题。

[ Objective ] To obtain the fumonisins B （ FB ） and aflatoxin B1 （ AFB1 ） levels in the corn and peanut and their co-contamination status in the corn on sale in Nanjing city. [ Methods ] The FB and AFB1 levels in peanut, corn and corn products samples collected from the supermarket and commodities markets in Nanjing were detected by ELISA method. [ Results ] The AFB1 average content in supermarket samples was 0.53 μg/kg, and the FB average content was 0.56 mg/kg. The positive rate of AFB1 was 68% and the FB was 21% in the supermarket samples. In the commodities market samples-the AFB1 average content was 6.98 μg/kg, FB average content was 9.89 mg/kg. Among the commodities market samples the positive rate of AFB1 was 59%, the FB was 76%. The combined positive rate of AFB1 and FB was 33% in all corn samples. The combined positive rate of the supermarket corn samples was 21%, and the commodities market corn samples was 38%. [ Conclusion ] The corn and peanut on sale in Nanjing city was contaminated by the fumonisins and aflatoxins. Corn and corn products are co-contaminated with both AFB1 and FB.