某蓄电池企业职业性铅接触评估与防制模式研究

Occupational Exposure to Lead in an Accumulator Company:Exposure Assessment and Strategy of Control for Occupational Hazard

[目的]对某外资蓄电池生产厂职业性铅接触评估,探索职业卫生工作模式。[方法]开展职业卫生学调查,对作业场所环境中铅浓度和职业接触人群血中铅水平进行检测和评估,并收集、分析了历年检测和健康监护数据,结合职业卫生组织管理模式,总结控制职业性铅危害的经验。[结果]2个铅烟作业场所历年28次检测结果中,合格率为92.8%;3个铅尘作业场所45次检测结果中,合格率为88.2%;98%的铅接触者血铅水平低于40μg/dl(1.93μmol/L),无铅中毒病例发生。[结论]采取综合干预,员工理解,互相促进的互动模式,可有效控制职业铅接触的危害。

[ Objective ] To assess occupational exposure to lead and explore the control mode for hazard of lead at an accumulator company. [ Methods ] The concentrations of lead in workplace environment and workers＇ blood lead level were detected. Historical data on exposure to lead and blood lead were also collected. In the view of risk management, the strategy of control for lead hazard was analyzed and summarized. [ Results ] Working sites in which the concentrations of lead fume and lead dust below the national occupational health standard were 92.8% and 88.2% of all workplaces exposed to lead, respectively. 98.0% of exposed workers＇ blood lead was lower than 40 μg/dl. No case of lead poisoning occurred. [ Conclusion ] The strategy of occupational health based on comprehensive intervention, employees＇ understanding and mutual advancement can effectively prevent and control the occupational hazard of lead.