端粒、端粒酶与造血干细胞

Telomere,Telomerase and Hematopoietic Stem Cell

端粒是由染色体末端的DN A重复序列组成的,其上有蛋白结合。可保护染色体免受伤害,与细胞周期过程中DN A末端片断的流失、细胞凋亡有关。端粒酶由hTERC和hTERT组成,可以维持端粒的稳定。造血干细胞有一定的端粒酶活性,目前已研究出多种因素影响其表达。端粒酶相关基因修饰干细胞可以达到建立永生化细胞系等目的,亦有很好的应用前景。最近,在研究端粒酶在人类造血系统的作用时,人们把目光集中到一种罕见的遗传病DCK上。治疗这种疾病可能需要进一步的研究来揭示hTERT的内在基因和外来因素的两种调节之间的关系。

Telemeres are composed of tandem DNA repeats and associated proteins that cap the end of linear chromosomes. They provide stability to the chromosomes, protect from DNA loss during cellular replication and are associated with cellular senescence. Telomerase is a combination of hTERC and hTERT which serves as a maintainer of telomere. Hematopoietic stem cell has an impressive but finite prolific potential. Many factors have been identified Which regulate the regulation of telomerase in HSC. It may also turn a prosperous future if we achieve immortality in cell systems. The essential role of telomerase in the function and regulation of hTERT is needed for effective treatment.