衡量旅游对植被影响的指标计量的探讨

Calculation of indices in weighing the impacts of tourism on vegetation.

旅游对植被影响的指标计量有两种不同的方法.第1种方法是利用传统生态学上植物的重要值来计量;第2种方法是利用敏感水平、景观重要值、物种多样性信息指数、阴生种比值和旅游影响系数来计量.该文以山西省芦芽山为例,采用TWINSPAN和DCA对两种计量方法进行了比较,它们的结果反映了不同的生态信息.在TWINSPAN中,第1种方法的结果主要反映了不同种群和群落的生态特性;第2种方法的结果主要反映了旅游开发与植被景观之间的生态关系.在DCA中,第1种方法的结果主要反映了不同植物群落类型与自然地理因子之间的生态关系以及不同类型之间的空间格局;第2种方法的结果主要反映了不同植被景观类型与旅游影响因子之间的格局规律.与第1种方法相比,第2种方法在旅游与植被的研究方面更为合理和科学.

There are two different ways of calculating indices in weighing the impacts of tourism on vegetation. The first way is to use species importance value in traditional ecology, while the second is to use sensitive level, landscape importance value, information index of biodiversity, shade-tolerant species proportion and tourism influencing index. These two ways were compared by TWINSPAN and DCA in the Luya Mountains in Shanxi Province of north China, and the results showed different ecological information. In TWINSPAN, results of the first way mainly showed ecological characteristics of different populations and communities, while that of the second way reflected the ecological relationship between tourism development and vegetation landscapes. In DCA, results of the first way showed the ecological relationship between plant communities and physical geography, and the spatial pattern among different types, while that of the second way reflected the pattern rule between different vegetation landscapes and tourism factors. Compared with the first way, the second way is more reasonable and scientific in studying the impacts of tourism on vegetation. Key words tourism ecology, indices calculation, TWINSPAN, DCA