武警某部队膳食结构分析

SURVEY ON DIETARY PATTERN OF A UNIT OF CHINESE PEOPLE'S ARMED POLICE FORCES

目的了解武警某部队食物膳食结构和营养状况.方法选择武警某部队4个中队进行调查,膳食调查采用连续3 d称重法.结果 （1）食物结构调查显示,各中队谷类摄入量均未达到军标;蔬菜摄入量除D中队达标外,其他均未能达标;鱼类摄入量A中队和C中队未能达标;肉类摄入量均高于军标.每人每日蛋白质摄入量为147.72～213.46 g,脂肪摄入量为132.58～243.65 g,略高于军标;植物性脂肪占33.68%～58.70%,除D中队达标外,其他中队均未能达标.（2）受调查的4个中队每人每日能量摄入量为14.06～22.29 MJ,在能量来源分布中,脂肪和蛋白质分别占33%～41%和16%～18%,高于军标;碳水化合物占43%～49%,低于军标;各中队纤维素摄入量为5.32～9.90 g,均明显达不到推荐适宜摄入量.（3）B中队和C中队钙、VB2和VC摄入量未能达标;VB1摄入量为1.89～2.91 g, 4个中队均未能达标.结论该部队食物结构欠合理,肉类摄入偏高.建议合理调整膳食结构,适量增加谷类和蔬菜的摄入.

Objective To investigate dietary pattern and nutritional status of a unit of Chinese People＇s Armed Police Forces. Methods Four squadrons were selected for the investigation. Food supply was surveyed by weighting. Results （ 1 ） The survey on dietary pattern showed that intake of cereals was lower than the military standard, fishes lower than the standard except the first and fourth squadron, vegetable also lower than standard except the fourth squadron, and meats higher than the standard. The daily intake of protein（ 147.72 ～ 213.46） g, and fat（ 132.58 ～ 243.65） g, and the fat from plant（33.68% ～ 58.70% ） were lower than the military standard except the fourth squadron. （2） The daily energy intake was 14.06 ～22.29 MJ for the four squadrons. In regard to distribution of energy sources, fat and protein accounted for 33% ～ 41% and 16% ～ 18% respectively of total calories, which were significantly higher than the military standard; carbohydrate accounted for 43 % ～ 49% of total calories, which was lower than the military standard. The dai- ly intake of fiber （5.32 ～ 9.90）g was lower than recommended intake. （3） The daily intake of calcium, VB2 and VC in 2nd and 3rd Squadron were lower than the standard. The daily intake of VB1 was lower than military standard in four squadons. Conclusion The dietary pattern is not rational, and intake of meats was higher. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust food constitution and to increase the vegetables and cereals intake.