民事证明责任的法律性质研究

A Study on the Legal Nature of Civil Burden of Proof

民事证明责任具有行为责任和结果责任双重含义,民事证明责任的性质依行为责任与结果责任的不同而有差异。其中,具有决定性意义的是结果责任,结果责任决定了证明责任的本质。针对理论界关于证明责任性质的“权利说”、“义务说”、“权利责任说”,作者提出了质疑,并在此基础上主张“风险负担说”。

Civil burden of proof has double meanings, namely, behavioral burden and consequential burden. The nature of civil burden of proof differs with the difference between the behavioral burden and consequential burden. Between the two, consequential burden plays the decisive role and it decides the nature of burden of proof. The author questions the current three theories in the theoretical world, the theory of rights, the theory of obligations and the theory of rights and responsibilities, and puts forward a new theory, the theory of risk and burden.