绿色GDP核算中森林保育土壤价值的研究进展

Review of soil conservation value by forest in green gross domestic products accounting

森林资源是绿色GDP核算的重要内容,土壤保育是其最重要的环境服务功能之一,也是绿色GDP核算的重点和难点。在充分考虑森林生态价值特点的基础上,总结有关森林保育土壤价值的研究成果,将目前核算森林保育土壤价值的模型归纳为整体核算模型和累加核算模型2类。通过从价值核算及核算结果纳入绿色GDP 2方面分析,认为在目前的核算中主要存在土壤侵蚀模型尚不完善、替代核算存在偏差、核算变量数据不精确、核算面积确定不准确、功能计量代替效益计量等问题。针对这些问题建议加强土壤侵蚀等相关领域研究、规范核算指标体系,并采取分区核算、个量分析及贴现的方法,运用3S等先进技术手段提高核算精度。同时,科学地界定绿色GDP的内涵,区分森林各项具体生态功能价值间的关系及在绿色GDP体系中的位置和作用,避免在核算中重复或缺漏。

The forest resources are important contents in green GDP accounting, the soil conservation is one of its most important environmental service functions, focal point and difficult point in green GDP accounting too. Based on fully considering the characteristics of the forest ecological value, summarizes present and relevant research results, and accounting models of soil conservation value by forest are summarized as whole accounting model and additive accounting model. Through analyzing value accounting and including accounting results into the green GDP, it is considered that the main problems in present researches are still not consummate of soil erosion models, error of substitution accounting, the error of accounting variable data and accounting area, and replacement of benefits measure by function measure and so on. In accordance with these problems, it is suggested that strengthening the research on soil erosion, standardizing accounting indicators, separately accounting in different region, taking discounting technique and 3S technology to improve the accounting results. Furthermore, the scientific determination of green GDP, distinguishing the relation among each forests ecological function and their positions in the green GDP system should be done, so as to avoid repeat or omission in the accounting.