非政府组织参与环境管理研究

Study on Participation of Nongovernmental Organizations in Environmental Management

环境管理是多主体的公共体系,非政府组织的参与,是其中不可或缺的重要一环。非政府组织参与环境管理,依据的主要理论是市场失灵理论、政府失灵理论、资源互相依存理论以及志愿失灵理论,并采取政府路径、企业、商业路径、社区、公民路径以及全球路径等多种方式参与环境管理。为此,我们还必须全面构建以解决经费、发展空间问题的外环境建设和以完善激励机制、提升营销策略、健全自律机制的内部环境建设的保障机制。

As an indispensable link, nongovernmental organizations participate in the management of environment, which is a public system with variety of principal sectors. Their participation mainly bases on such theories as the theory of market malfunction, the theory of government malfunction, the theory of resource interdependence and the theory of aspiration malfunction. Moreover, nongovernmental organizations find many kinds of ways to participate in the environment management：such as government, enterprise, business, community, citizens and globe. Therefore, the safeguard system for construction of external environment must be built by settling expenditure and developing space, and the system for construction of internal environment ought to be built by improving inspiring mechanism , marketing policy and self-discipline mechanism.