铁屋子中清醒者的挣扎——探春悲剧新论

The Struggle of the Sober in an Iron House——A New Proposition of Tanchun's Tragedy

曹雪芹所描写的贾府,是一个万难破毁的铁屋子,而探春是这铁屋子中为数不多的清醒者。她的“反庶”、兴利除弊、反抄检,企图挽狂澜于既倒等思想和行为,都是徒劳的挣扎,是清醒者痛苦的挣扎。探春的悲剧是“末世”悲剧的集中体现,标志着曹雪芹“补天”理想的失败,因而,探春的悲剧,有着特别的意义。

The Jia＇s is an iron house of great destruction and dilapidation in the eyes of Cao Xueqin. And Tanchun is one of the few sober people inside this house. Her such thought and behaviors as ＂anti-the practice-of-concubine-system＂, her promotion of the beneficial and abolition of the harmful, her anti-rummage, and her efforts to save the desperate situations were all struggles in vain, painful ones of the sober. Tanchun＇s tragedy was the typified embodiment of that of ＂the last phase of an age＂, which marked the failure of Cao Xueqin＇s ideal of ＂patching up the sky＂. Therefore, Tanchun＇s tragedy had special meanings.