先秦诸子法律发生论

Pre-Qin hundred schools' genetic theory of law

法律产生于原始社会向奴隶社会过渡的时期。先秦诸子分别从天(道、天)、人(性、欲)两个向度论述法律产生的哲学依据,其法律发生学说可分为道家的道生法、儒家的法源于性、墨家的法取于天、法家的法本于欲等。在法律生成过程中,圣人被赋予特殊的使命。

Law＇s generation dates back to a period of transition from primitive society to slave society. The pre-Qin hundred school articulated, one by one, the philosophical basis of generation of law from two aspects： the Heaven（Tao and Heaven） and the human （Nature and Desire）. According to the school, these theories can be classified into the following categories. Taoist thinking law born of Tao, Confucian considering law derived from Nature. Mohist taking Heaven as the law＇s origin, Legalist regarding Desire as the source of law, and so on. In the process of law generation, the saints were endowed with special missions.