河东煤田中部晚古生代含煤岩系中宇宙尘的首次发现及其特征

IN THE CENTRE OF THE EASTERN YELLOW RIVER COALFIEID COSMIC SPHERULES BEING FOUND AT FIRST IN LATE PALAEOZOIC COALBEARING SERIES AND ITS FEATURE

宇宙尘系重要的太阳系物质.笔者在利用双目镜、扫描电镜研究河东煤田中部晚古生代含煤岩系沉积岩时,发现了沉积的宇宙尘.可见到的表面显微构造特征有:无规则全晶质构造、晶间孔构造、熔蚀构造、瘤状构造、气孔和空腔构造、球粒构造、皱纹构造和碎裂构造等八种类型。由电子探针测定的化学成分得知,本区宇宙尘有玻璃质、硅酸盐质和铁质三种。它们均与已报道的宇宙尘的化学成分相似。但铁质宇宙尘中的Ir含量高达1.09％,这种“指纹元素”的大量存在,进一步证明了它们确系地外星球物质。

Cosmic spherules is a kind of the important material from the solar system. We found sedimentary cosmic spherules in the rocks of Late Palaeozoic coal- bearing series of the eastern Yellow River Coalfield, while studying the sedimentary of the coalfield with binocular and scanning electronic microscope. The surface features of micro-textures being found as follow: irregular holorystallines, miarlitre, resortive, warty , calaclastic spherulitic, hollow-prism and plicated structure, totalling 8 types According to the chemical compositions measured by electronic probing, there arc three kinds of cosmic spherules such as glassy, silicate and ferrous spherules in this district This is similar 10 the cosmic spherules which have been reported in the chemical compositions. And the content Ir (being called as 'dactylotype element') is high, up to 1.09%, in the ferrous cosmic spherules. The fact that It is. found so much in the spherules has proved the spherules is really a kind of material from outer planet. Studying cosmic spherules contributes to knowing the originality and evolution of soiar system and the cause of extinct or degcnevalion of creatures. Meanwhile, its studying has widely been used in cosmography, astronautics, oceanography, physics, astronomic geology and geological exploration and so on.