小学生自我概念的发展特点及其与人格的相关研究

Development of 3-5 Graders' Self-concept and Its Relationship with Personality

目的:探讨小学生自我概念的发展特点及其与人格的关系。方法:采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表和小五人格问卷,对北京市两所普通小学随机抽取的550名3-5年级学生进行调查。结果:①小学3-5年级学生自我概念的性别差异显著,女生在除焦虑外的所有维度上的得分均高于男生;②自我概念与人格各维度有显著的相关。其中,自我概念总分与谨慎性、宜人性和外向性呈高正相关,与情绪性呈中等负相关,与开放性呈中等正相关;③不同人格类型学生自我概念水平两两差异显著,和谐型人格学生最高,保守型其次,退缩型的自我概念最低。结论:小学女生的自我概念水平普遍高于男生;自我概念高的个体是处事谨慎、情绪稳定、善于与人相处的外向者。

Objective： To examine the developmental characteristics of self-concept in 3-5 grade pupils and to explore its relationship with five factor personality. Methods： The Piers-Harris Children＇s Self-Concept Scale and the Five Factor Inventory were administered to 550 grade 3-5 elementary school students. Results： ①There were significant gender difference in total self-concept scores and all subscales of self-concept except anxiety, with girls scoring much higher than boys. ②All personality factors were significantly correlated with self-concept. ③Pupils＇self-concept differed significantly between different subtypes of personality type, with harmonious children having the highest self-concept, while the withdraw the lowest. Conclusion： Girls＇ self-concept are generally higher than boys during elementary, schools; People with high self-concept are. those conscientious, agreeable and emotionally stable extraverts