从《诗》的早期传播看《诗》的经典化

Study on Canonization of Poem from Perspective of Its Early Dissemination

《诗》早期特殊的传播方式,是其经典化历程中不可忽视的一个重要环节。国家制度化的“采诗”与“献诗”,作为一次自下而上的传播,使《诗》由乡间里巷走向了神圣的庙堂圣殿“;诗”的礼乐制度化,则标志着《诗》由民间歌谣转化为典礼乐歌,在自上而下的传播中被赋予了整合社会价值导向的教育意义;春秋战国间的“赋诗”与“引诗”,将这部先王之书广泛应用到具体社会生活中,《诗》成了政治生活中交流的工具,进一步为它的经典化打下了历史基础。

The unique ways of dissemination of poem are the important links in its process of ethic canonization. Collection and contribution of poems as national systems are bottom-up dissemination of poem, which elevated poem from villages to the holy shrines. The ritualization of poem, marks the transformation of poem from country ballads to ritual hymns, and in this top-down dissemination poem was assigned instructive meanings to direct the social value orientation. Writing poem and quotation of poem in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period applied poem widely to all aspects of social life, the classical poem therefore became a tool of communication in political life. All these laid solid foundation for its further canonization.