物理学中的角动量研究

Study on Angular Momentum in Physics

对物理学中的角动量问题进行了讨论,角动量是物理学中的一个重要概念,同时也是一个容易让人产生模糊的物理概念。对刚体转动问题中的定轴运动角动量方向问题进行了分析,指出了在一般情况下角动量方向与定轴方向是不同的;对原子运动中的角动量进行了探讨,指出了原子轨道角动量算符不是力学量本征值和本征矢量的完全集,轨道角动量算符是不可观测的;对光子的角动量进行了研究,指出了光子自旋角动量的量子物理本性,不能将其与经典物理的自旋角动量相对应。

Discusses angular momentum, an important but seemingly difficult concept in physics. An analysis of angular momentum direction in fix axis movement finds the direction different from the fix axis in normal condition while a probe into the angular momentum in atom movement leads to the conclusion that the atomic orbit angular momentum operator are not complete set of mechanical eigenvalues and eigenvectors and the orbit angular momentum operator is non-observable. Points out a quantum physical nature in photon spin angular momentum, which is not corresponding to classical physics.