艾滋病流行地区儿童艾滋病相关知识态度行为调查

AIDS Knowledge,Attitude and Practice Among Children in an Area with AIDS Epidemic

目的了解艾滋病流行地区儿童的艾滋病知识、态度和行为，对有关儿童权利的认知和一般卫生行为作出需求评估。方法选取皖北地区艾滋病高发的1个乡镇，采取分层整群抽样方法，随机选择7个村，对所有10-17岁儿童进行面对面访谈：结果在238名参加调查的儿童中，82．4％没有听说过儿童权利公约，都希望在村里建立儿童活动中心。有94．5％听说过艾滋病，正确回答80％及以上问题的比例为58．8％，男性低于女性（52．2％和67．3％．z0=5．49，P=0．019），儿童知道三大传播途径的顺序为血液〉性〉母婴（91．1％，86．5％和58．8％，χ^2=84．14，P〈0．001）。有22．3％的调查对象不希望艾滋病感染者继续住在村里，79．3％愿意继续同感染了艾滋病的朋友来往，97．3％的愿意照顾自己感染了艾滋病的家人.绝大多数认为儿童应该了解艾滋病（97．7％），愿意学习更多的艾滋病知识（96．4％）。结论艾滋病流行地区的儿童掌握了一定的艾滋病防治知识．并具备一定的有利于艾滋病防治的态度，但仍有待于提高；对艾滋病防治知识具有很高的主观需求。

Objective To study HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and practice among children in an area with HIV/AIDS epidemic, and to assess their awareness of children＇s fight and general health behaviors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among children aged 10 - 17 years old in 7 natural villages randomly selected by using stratified clustered sampling method in north Anhui. Results Among 238 participants, 82.4% did not hear of children right convention, all the children hoped to have children＇s center in the village. About 94.5% heard of HIV/AIDS, 58.8% answered 8% or more of the questions, boys （52.2%） were less than gids（67.3%,χ^2 = 5.49, P = 0.019）. Of the HIV/AIDS transmission routes, children knew more about blood （91.1%） than sexual （86.5%）and raother.to-ehildtransausslon（58.8%,χ^2=84.14, P〈0.001）. About 22.3% did not hope HIV infectors living in the village, 79.3% were willing to keep friendship with infected friends, 97.3% were willing to take care of infected family members. Most thought children should know HIV/AIDS（97.7% ） and were willing to learn more about HIV/AIDS（96.4% ）. Conclusion The children in AIDS epidemic area have mastered some AIDS prevention knowledge and positive attitude, but both should be improved. All the children are willing to learn more about HIV/AIDS.