磁通压缩发电机的基本问题(I)

Principle of Magnetic Flux Compression Generator (I)

讨论了磁通压缩发电机(MFCG)的定义、工作原理、特征及其系统分类。虽然发电本身是通过外力做功获得电磁能的过程,但具体地,从空间电磁场角度,MFCG是通过压缩磁场所占空间以增大磁场密度的过程;按照电路模型,MFCG是通过减少电感以增大电流的过程。针对理想螺线管两种典型的工作模式,讨论了磁通守恒原理并论述了两种定义的一致性。总结了MFCG区别于普通发电机的根本特征,鉴于MFCG种类繁多,依据绕组结构和形状、电枢运动方式、适用的物理原理、应用领域等特性对19类MFCG进行了系统分类,并分别讨论了各类别的技术特征。这些基础性工作对MFCG概念研究和技术革新有重要参考意义。

As a kind of maneuverable pulsed power supply （PPS）, Magnetic Flux Compression Generator （MFCG） can be used in many military fields. Although research work has continued for decades, the systemic concept on MFCG is still ambiguous. The definition of MFCG is given in two ways： the magnetic field model and the electric circuit model. According to the former, MFCG is the setup to compress the magnetic field volume for the enlarged field density. According to the latter, MFCG is the equipment to reduce the inductance for the magnifying current. The working principles of the MFCG with a perfect helix winding are shown in two ways： the magnetic flux conservation and the magnetic flux linkage conservation. The inherent coherence of the two definition models is also discussed. After the distinguishing feature of MFCG is analyzed, all kinds of MFCG are distinguished from other PPS. According to the deferent forms of the windings and the deferent moving modes of the armatures, the 19 kinds of MFCG are classified systematically, and their characteristics are concluded, respectively. The essential work has importance to MFCG concept and technology research.