北京市部分离退休老年人睡眠质量调查分析

An Epidemiological Investigation on the Sleeping Quality of the Retired Elderly in Beijing

目的:调查老年人睡眠状况,为老年失眠症的研究提供更多依据。方法:396例年龄>65岁的军队离退休老年人(老年组)与100例年龄18-20岁青年人(正常组)进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)的测查和睡眠特征分析。结果:与正常组比较,老年组睡眠质量差(PSQI>7分)占72.7%,其中确诊为失眠症的占32.6%;总体睡眠质量与性别、年龄、生活环境无显著相关性。PSQI各单项目中,睡眠效率及日间功能评分,住院患者差于社区老人(P<0.05,P<0.01),男性差于女性(P<0.05);入睡时间及睡眠时间评分,女性差于男性(P<0.01,P<0.05);男女均存在因夜尿多影响睡眠的状况。结论:老年人失眠的发生率较高,男女性睡眠不良有各自特点,治疗以调整心理因素,适当运动及中医补肾温阳等为主,可能改善睡眠。

Objective： To investigate the sleeping quality of the retired elderly for further epidemiological study about senile insomnia. Methods： A total of 396 retired army officer elderly people （〉65 years old） served as elderly group, and 100 norreal youths （between 18 to 20 years old） as the normal group. The two groups were examined by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） and their sleep characteristics analyzed. Results： The elderly with bad sleeping quality in the elderly group accounted for 72.7% （PSQI〉7）. Among them, the elderly with diagnosed insomnia accounted for 32.6%. The whole sleeping quality had no notable correlation with sex, age and living surroundings. Of the items of PSQI, sleeping efficiency and daily, function disturbance of the elderly inpatients were worse than those of the community elderly （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, males worse than females （P〈0.05）. The time to falling asleep and sleep time distribution in elderly females were inferior to those in males （P〈0.01 or 0.05）. Both males and females had the same agony about night urine. Conclusion： The incidence of the senile insomnia in Beijing is high. The sleeping quality of different sexes had different characteristics. Adjusting psychology, proper exercises and Chinese medicine may improve sleeping quality of the elderly.