二甲基甲酰胺对小鼠肝功能、氧化酶及抗氧化酶的影响

Effects of dimethylformamide liver function,oxidase and antioxidase in acute poisoning in mice

目的:观察二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)急性中毒小鼠的肝功能、氧化酶及抗氧化酶变化情况。方法:①分别以12、10、8、4g/kgDMF灌胃染毒方式建立小鼠急性中毒模型,观察小鼠中毒后表现、存活时间、小鼠内脏病理改变情况。②3g/kgDMF灌胃后于24、48、72、96h取血检测ALT、AST、LDH,于6、12、24、48、72h取血及肝左叶,检测血及肝匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力。结果:小鼠中毒表现有行动迟缓、呼吸急促、四肢抽搐,病理示肝脏炎症细胞浸润、点状坏死,肾淤血,肾小管上皮轻度水肿。3g/kgDMF灌胃后血ALT、AST、LDH48h升高(与正常组比较,下同,P<0.01),血SOD于6h下降(P<0.01),血XOD于72h升高(P<0.05),肝组织XOD、SOD、CAT24h上升(P<0.01)。结论:DMF急性中毒以肝功能损害最为突出,血ALT、AST、LDH升高,同时伴血及肝组织XOD上升,血XOD上升滞后于肝组织,是其急性中毒损伤的标志。而血SOD下降,肝SOD、CAT上升可能是一种代偿性改变,是机体对损伤的保护反应。DMF急性中毒干扰了体内的氧化/抗氧化酶系统。

To observe the effects of liver fuction,oxidase and antioxidase in acute dimethylformamide （DMF） poisoning in mice. Methods：①Poisoning characteristic, surviral time,pathylogical, changing of mice were observed afer intragastric（ig） DMF with 12,10,8,4 g/ kg. ②ALT, AST, LDH of blood were tested in 0,24,48,72,96 h after ig DMF with the dosage of 3 g/kg, and the activities of XOD, SOD, CAT in blood and liver were tested in 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours. Results： The primary characteristics in poisoning were sluggish movement, dyspnoea, twitch of limbs. Local liver necrosis and slight edema of the epithelia of the renal tubule were observed too. ALT, AST, LDH increased in 48h （P〈 0.01,compared to normal group）. SOD in blood decreased in 6h after ig（P〈0.01）, XOD in blood increased in 72 hours （P〈0.05）, XOD,SOD, CAT of liver increased in 24 hours（P〈0.01）. Conclusion：The primary viscus damaged in acute DMF poisoning is liver.XOD increaseing in liver and in blood, in which later than liver,can be taken as the mark of poisoning. SOD ,CAT in liver increased compensatively with the decreasing of SOD in blood.The balance of oxidases and antioxidase are disturbed in acute DMF poisoning.