多种栽培模式下旱地小麦土壤水分的动态变化

The Dynamic Variation of Soil Moisture on the Dryland Wheat under Various Culture Models

旱地小麦采用不同栽培模式，通过对各生育阶段不同层次土壤水分动态变化的观察和研究结果表明：垄沟栽培、平覆膜、覆草、常规4种模式处理，全生育期各层土壤水分均呈降低趋势，尤以0～80cm土层水分变化最为明显，降低幅度最大；4种栽培模式主要影响小麦生长前期0～80cm土层水分变化，其中垄沟栽培和覆草栽培贮水效果明显高于平覆膜和常规栽培；小麦生长后期各种栽培模式难以控制上层土壤水分的大量损失，而各种模式在全生育期均对120cm以下土层水分影响不明显。120cm以下土层水分贮量在生育后期明显高于上层土壤水分。因此，进一步研究如何控制小麦生长后期上层土壤水分损失和怎样利用深层土壤水分，在旱原地区具有重要的意义。

Both that of dryland wheat adopt differ cultivation modules, differ depth soil moisture dynamic variation at various bearing stages to observation and findings proclaimed： furrow, decked plastic film on the soil surface , decked with straw,normal way four type pattern processing,all breeding season various layer soil water equal submit to depress trend,especially within 0-80 cm soil horizon moisture movement most for distinctness, depress amplitude maxima. Four culture models mainly effect wheat growth prophase 0-80 cm soil horizon moisture movement,there into furrow cultivation and decked with straw store water effect apparently higher than decked plastic film on the soil surface and general way. Different models at wheat growth anaphase could not control loss of upper layer soil water content. Different modules at complete breeding season equally impact indefiniteness to 120 cm hereinafter soil horizon water content, 120 cm herein after soil horizon water content at anaphase apparently higher than upper layer of soil water content. Both wherefore, further studies on wheat growth anaphase and upper layer of soil moisture loss control methods and how to turn deeply soil water at ariplain region possess important sense to advantage.