市场竞争、激励机制与国有企业生产率决定

Competition,Incentive and The Determination of Productivity of the State-owned Enterprises

本文用CASS数据实证检验了国有企业的主要改革措施对生产率的影响,研究结果表明非国有企业的发展带来的竞争、国有企业参与利润的分配、企业内部激励手段的运用和产量自主权、投资自主权的获得对生产率的增长都起到了积极的作用。这一结论在一定程度上肯定了我国国有企业改革的渐进式改革方式,仅就生产率增长而言,在不改变国有企业的产权归属的前提下,靠决策权力的下放和利益的再分配及市场竞争的压力也能达到预期的目的。

With the CASS data, this paper analyzes the influences of the leading reform measures taken by the state-owned enterprises on the productivity. The findings show that the competition brought about with the development of the non-state-owned enterprises, the distribution profit shared by the state-owned enterprises, the application of the incentive mechanism within the enterprises and their freedom for the output, and the gain of the right for free investment play a positive role in enhancing the productivity. The findings, to certain extent, justifies the progressive reform ways of our state-owned enterprises. Under the prerequisite of the ownership of the state-owned enterprises remaining unchanged, the productivity can be enhanced by transferring the decision right to the lower level, redistributing the profit. The pressure from the market competition also contributes to the enhancement of productivity.