2005人类发展报告分析和启示

An Analysis of 2005 Human Development Report and its Enlightenment

联合国开发计划署提出的人文发展指数(HDI)是由人类健康、教育水平和生活质量三项基础指标合成的一个综合评价指数,摒弃了过去以单一经济指标来进行国际比较的作法。2005人类发展报告显示,我国的HDI得分和排名有较大上升,但社会发展滞后于经济的快速发展,如降低儿童死亡率的步伐变慢和区域差异变大。报告还显示,即使人均经济收入较低,但通过增进社会健康和教育水平,仍然可获得较高的人文发展。这一思想为文山州等贫困地区社会的均衡发展提供了一条可行的思路。

The HDI（ human development index）, proposed by United Nations Development Program in 1990 is a summary composite index that measures a country＇ s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development： longevity, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. The HDI rating is much broader than the traditional GNP per capita rating to evaluate a country＇ s advance in human development. 2005 Human Development Report shows that China has registered some of the rapid advances in human development in history. However, the Report warns that China＇ s economic advance has outpaced social progress, such as a slowdown in reducing child mortality and the widening of regional disparities. The Report indicates that even if with low income per capita, a country can still achieve great progress in human development by enhancing social health and education. What is revealed by the report affords a feasible approach to a balanced development of the national poor regions such as Wenshan Prefecture.