云南省公路路域绿化护坡植物的生态区划与选择

Study on the regionalization and selection of suitable plants for roadside deforestry and soil protection in Yunnan Province

在参考前人研究工作的基础上,以水热因素的地域分异规律为依据,以整体植被景观为参照,以局部环境背景为基础,以有利于公路建设、参考行政区划确定区域界线的原则,将云南全省公路路域分为滇西北北温带寒温针叶林、亚高山草甸区等7个区,西部高山峡谷杉木林、稀疏灌木草丛亚区等17个亚区,德钦维西长苞冷杉、川滇杜鹃、白刺花、扭黄茅、狐茅小区等30个小区.一级分区的7大生态地理单元从宏观上反映了云南全省从东到西、从南到北气候和植被类型的经向、纬向地带性及各生态区域的海拔梯度、地貌特点及土壤类型;二级分区的17个亚区综合反映了一级分区内局部生境的地形地貌特征及微地形环境影响下的植物组合类型;三级分区的30个小区概括反映了全省地县市级行政区域界限与主要护坡绿化植物分布区域的叠合关系.根据植物物种的生态适应性和物种特性,甄别选择了适于不同生态小区环境背景下生长的乔、灌、草等绿化护坡植物.

The principles of ecological regionalization including matching species with the site, taking the reference of vegetation landscape in the whole, considering local environment boundry by district, taking precedence for ecological restoration of roadsides, considering the coincidence with local administrative division were forwarded by refering other literature and whole area of Yunnan Province was regionalized into 7 zones, such as Northwestern Yunnan northern temperate alpine-temperate cornifer-subalpine meadow zone, et al; 17 sub-zones, such as Western mountain-valley fir forestry and open shrub-grassland sub-zone , et al. , and 30 districts, such as Deqing Abies georgei, Rhododendron traillianum, Sophara viciifolia, Heteropogon contours, Festuca arundinacea districits. The climatic characteristics, plant type, soil type were reflected within 7 zones, The topography and platform, native plant combinations were reflected within 17 sub-zones. The overlaps between administrative units and distribution areas were reflected within districts,. For different districts, the suitable trees, shrubs and grasses for roadside vegetation restorartion and construction in different regions were differentiated on the basis of their ecological adaptability and characteristics.