也谈腐殖酸与“黑漆古”镜表面呈色的关系

A FURTHER DISCUSSION ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN HUMIC ACID AND "HEI-QI-GU

有学者认为，战国汉唐青铜镜表面并未镀锡，其“黑漆古”表层是高锡青铜基体在腐殖酸作用下自然形成的。该文依据有关试验和文献资料，提出了一些不同的看法：（１）现有腐殖酸处理试样从颜色、光泽到表面成分和表层结构，与古镜“黑漆古”都是不同的；（２）“腐殖酸富集说”解释不了“水银沁”镜、“花背”镜等的表面现象，以及一般铜镜的加工工艺；（３）它没有一条文献记载可以为据。笔者依旧认为：“黑漆古”是古镜镀锡表层自然腐蚀的结果，这是既有实物资料，也有文献记载为凭的。

Some scholars believe that the bronze mirrors from the Warring States to the Han-Tang Period are not plated with tin on their surfaces and that the 'Hei-Qi-Gu' layer coloured like black paint on the surfaces are formed naturally due to the action of humic acid on the high-tin hasal body. In the light of relevant experiments, literature and data, this paper puts forward different views as follows:(1)Whether in colour,lustre,surface composition or the construction of surface layer,the available samples treated with humic acid are all not the same as the 'Hei-Qi-Gu' of ancient bronze mirrors;(2) The viewpoint about the action of humic acid cannot explain the surface phenomena of 'mercury-soaked' mirrors,mirrors 'with a decorated back', or the processing technology for ordinary bronze mirrors;(3)There is not a single account in literature that can be used as basis for this viewpoint. The author still holds that 'Hei-Qi-Gu'is the result of the natural corrosion of the tin-plated surface layer of ancient bronze mirrors, and for this there is evidence not only by the data of material objects, but also by accounts in literature.