铅锌矿区污染土壤微生物活性研究

Studies on Soil Microbial Activity in Areas Contaminated by Tailings from Pb,Zn Mine

通过野外调查和采样分析,研究了浙江衢州铅锌矿区土壤的微生物、土壤酶活性及植物重金属积累特性。结果表明:矿区污染区土壤Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu全量的平均值分别是对照土壤的267.8倍、132.6倍、41.8倍、17.0倍。矿区植物体内重金属含量与土壤重金属全量和有效态含量呈显著正相关。矿区土壤随着重金属含量的增加,土壤微生物生物量碳逐渐降低,而土壤基础呼吸、微生物代谢商则升高,矿区中心污染土壤微生物生物量碳只有对照土壤的72%,而基础呼吸和微生物代谢商分别是对照土壤的1.6倍和2.3倍。铅锌矿口附近污染区土壤酶活性较低,对照土壤的各种酶活性最高。其中土壤脱氢酶的活性变化最大,作为矿区重金属污染的指标更灵敏。

Based on field investigation and sample analysis of polluted soil from Pb, Zn mine in Quzhou county Zhejiang province, microbial activities, soil enzymes activities and heavy metal accumulation in plants were studied. The results showed average value of Pb,Zn, Cd,Cu content in polluted areas were 267.8,132.6,41.8 and 17.0 times of the non-mine soil. Heavy metal concentration in plants was positively correlated with total and available heavy metal concentration in soils. The microbial biomass carbon decreased, whereas basal respiration and qCO2 increased with increasing of heavy metal concentration. The microbial biomass carbon in mine center soil was 72% of control, but basal respiration and qCO2 was 1.6 and 2.3 fold respectively. Each kind of soil enzyme activities was higher than that of the mined soil, among which dehydrogenase activity changed most remarkably, so it can be a better index in evaluation of heavy metal pollution in mine area.