干旱胁迫对玉米根系生长及根际养分的影响

Effect of Drought Stress on Root Growth and Rhizosphere Nutrients of Maize (Zea mays L.)

通过盆栽模拟干旱试验,测定了干旱胁迫下玉米根系生长情况和根际土壤中速效N、P、K的含量。结果表明,干旱胁迫抑制了玉米拔节期和抽雄-开花期玉米根系的生长,减弱了玉米根系的吸收能力。干旱胁迫下玉米根际NH4+-N、NO3--N、速效P和速效K均发生根际富集现象。其中有效N和速效K含量高于正常供水,而速效P却呈现低于正常供水的趋势。干旱胁迫抑制玉米根系生长、减弱根系吸收能力是玉米减产的重要原因。

Root growth and available N, P and K in rhizospherie soil of maize were investigated with a pot experiment simulating drought stress. The results showed that drought stress restrained root growth of maize at jointing and tasseling-anthesis. The absorption area of maize root was decreased under drought stress. Soil NH^＋ -N, NO3^--N, available P and K were accumulated in rhizosphere of maize under drought stress, and soil available N and K were higher than normal water supply, but available P trended to lower than normal water supply. Root growth and absorption ability were weakened under drought stress, which were important reasons of the reduction of maize yield.