东南欧国家旋毛虫病的流行现状

The present situation of trichinellosis epidemic in southeastern Europe

旋毛虫病在东南欧的巴尔干半岛及临近国家的流行现状各不相同,在保加利亚、塞尔维亚和黑山、罗马尼亚及克罗地亚,猪和人的旋毛虫感染率均较高;在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那则具有中度的旋毛虫感染率;在匈牙利已有多年未发现人体旋毛虫病,但近2年来已发现了散发的猪旋毛虫病。旋毛虫病在东南欧国家的再度肆虐,提示旋毛虫病能够突破食品安全体系和兽医检疫的薄弱环节,从而可导致地区性、全国性甚至国际性的旋毛虫病扩散。该文对旋毛虫病在东南欧国家的历史、分布、流行现状、感染来源、虫种及再度肆虐的原因等进行了综述。

The present prevalence of trichinellosis is different in the Balkan region and bordering countries of southeastern Europe. A high prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic pigs and humans was reported in Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, Romania and Croatia. A moderate prevalence was found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Hungary, human trichinellosis has not been reported for many years, however, sporadic cases were recorded in swine over last 2 years. The re-emergence of trichinellosis in southeastern Europe suggested that this zoonosis could break through the poorly maintained food safety barrier and the vulnerable veterinary control, and might cause the regional, national and even international events. The history, geographical distribution, epidemiology, source of infection, etiological agent, and the cause of re-emergence of trichinellosis in southeastern Europe were reviewed in this paper.