1Martin RB.Consensus development conference:diagnosis,prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis.Am J Med,1993,94:646-650.
2Eddy DM,Johnston CC,Ccummings SR,et al.Osteoporosis:Review of the evidence for prevention,diagnosis,and treatment and costeffectiveness analysis.Status report.Osteoporos Int,1998,4 (Suppl):7-80.
3Eastell R.Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.N Engl J Med,1998,338:736-746.
4Augat P,Fuerst T,Genant HK.Quantitative bone mineral assessment at the forearm:a review.Osteoporos Int,1998,8:299-310.
6Houer G,Devlin H,Alsop CW.Mandibular bone mineral dentisty as a predictor of skeletal osteoporosis.Br J Radio,1996,69:1019-1029.
7Feifel H,Weiske R,Riediger D.Quantitative computer tomography-a new method in the assessment of autologous augmentation of the mandible.J Cranifac Surg,1993,3:356-377.
8Gorai I,Chaki O,Taguchi Y,et al.Early postmenopausal bone loss is prevented by estrogen and partially by 1-OH-vitamin D3:therapeutic effects of estrogen and/or 1-OH-vitamin D3.Calcif Tissue Int,1999,65:16-22.
9Patel S,Pazianas M,Tobisa J,et al.Early effects of hormone replacement therapy on bone.Bone,1999,24:245-248.
10Harris SS,Dawson-Hughes B.Weight,body composition,and bone density in postmenopausal women.Calcif tissue Int,1996,59:428-432.
5Kanis JA. Melton LJ Ⅲ. Christiansen C, et al. The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Bes, 1994, 9(8): 1137 - 1140.
6Ross PD, Davis JW, Epstein RS, et al. Pre - existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women. Ann Intern Med, 1991, 114:919 - 923.
7Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, et al. Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures. The study of Osteoporosis Fractures Research Group. Lancet, 1993, 341:72 -75.
8Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H. Meta - analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporosis fractures. BMJ, 1996, 312: 2154.
9Lu y, Mathur AK, Genant HK. Pitfalls of using Z - score, T - score for discriminant purpose. J Bone Miner Res, 1995, 10(suppl 1 ): S264 -S267.
10Lunt M, Felsenbery D, Reeve J, et al. Bone density variation and its effect on risk of vertebral deformity in men and women studied in thirteen European centers: EVOS study. J Bone Miner Res, 1997,12: 1883.
3Kribbs PJ,Chesnut CH 3rd,Ott SM,et al.Relationships between mandibular and skeletal bone in an osteoporotio population[J].J Prosthet Dent,1989,62(6):703-707.
4Homer K,Devlin H,Alsop CW,et al.Mandibular bone mineral density as a predictor of skeletal osteoporosis[J].Br J Radiol,1996,69(827):1019-1025.
5von Wowem N,Storm TL,Olgaard K.Bone mineral content by photon absorptiometry of the mandible compared with that of the forearm and the lumbar spine[J].Calcif Tissue Int,1988,42(3):157-161.
6Strotmeyer ES,Cauley JA,Orchard TJ,et al.Middle-aged premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes have lower bone mineral density and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound than nondiabetic women[J].Diabetes Care,2006,29(2):306-311.
7Lipscombe LL,Jamal SA,Booth GL,et al.The risk of hip fractures in older individuals with diabetes:A population-based study[J].Diabetes Care,2007,30(4):835-841.
8Suzuki K,Sugimoto C,Takizawa M,et al.Correlations between bone mineral density and circulating bone metabolic markers in diabetic patients[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2000,48(3):185-191.
9Ho SC, Chan SG, Yip YB, et al. Change in bone mineral density and it s determinant s in pre-and perimenopausal Chinese women: The Hong Kong perimenopausal women osteoporosis study. Osteoporos Int, 2008, 19(12) : 7852-7961.
10Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol,1999,4:1-6.
