运动饮料:水分、糖和电解质的补充及吸收

Sports drinks:supplementation and absorption of water,carbohydrate and electrolyte

运动过程中机体会发生脱水、糖原消耗、电解质丢失等生理变化。结合饮料渗透压、糖的种类和浓度对水分吸收以及不同类型糖对糖氧化速率的影响,综述了运动饮料如何有效的在运动中、运动后和运动前补充水分、糖和电解质等营养物质,以维持体液平衡、补充能量和提高运动能力。

Dehydration, depletion of carbohydrate and electrolyte loss, etc. occur during exercises as physiological changes in human body. From the influence of drink osmolality, carbohydrate types and concentrations on water absorption and different types of carbohydrate on carbohydrate oxidation rate, the ways for sports drinks to effectively supplement water, carbohydrate and electrolyte during, after and before exercises in order to maintain body fluid balance, supply energy and enhance exercise capacity are summarized.