大肠癌患者粪便K-ras基因突变的研究

Detection of K-ras mutations in faecal samples from patients with sporadic colorectal cancer by PCR-SSCP silver stain

目的:探讨粪便中K_ras基因突变的检测用于大肠癌诊断及筛查的可行性。方法:应用基因扩增_单链构象多态性分析_银染法检测癌组织及粪便中K_ras基因突变。结果:31例大肠癌患者粪便K_ras基因扩增率为70%,癌组织中检测到K_ras突变9例,在相对应患者粪便中检测到突变7例,敏感性77%(7/9),特异性100%。粪便中K_ras基因突变与肿瘤分化程度、Dukes分期、肿瘤部位、粪便隐血试验(Fecal ollult bloodtest FOBT)及癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)无关。结论:粪便中突变基因检测有望成为一种新的大肠癌无创性筛检方法。

Objective： Evaluate the possibility of detecting the mutations of K-ras gene in faecal for screening and diagnosis colorectal carcinoma. Methods： K-ras mutation was detected by polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism （PCR-SSCP） and silver staining. Results： Thirty-one patients with colorectak carcinoma all had specific amplified production of K-ras gene in tissue. Twenty-two cases had specific amplified production of K-ras gene（22/31 ）in stool specimens. K-ras mutations were detected in nine of thirty one（9/31 ） famor tissues. The same mutation also found in corresponding faecal samples in seven patiemts 77% （7/9） and specifity 100%. The mutation in the stools have no association with histological types, Dukes stages, lymph node involvements, locations of tumor, FOBT and CEA levels in serum, Conclusion ： The results suggest that it＇s promising method to detect altered human DNA in stool to screening and diagnosis cologrectal cancer.