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左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼用于小儿术后镇痛的临床观察 被引量:2

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摘要 目的观察并评价硬膜外应用国产左旋布比卡因和芬太尼复合液于小儿术后镇痛的效果及副作用,并与进口罗哌卡因比较。方法ASAⅠ—Ⅱ级,择期行下腹部及下肢手术,年龄5~12岁小儿40例,随机分为左旋布比组(B组),罗哌卡因组(R组),每组各20例。每例均按手术要求行相应硬膜外间隙穿刺置管,维持药分别用0.25%~0.375%左旋布比卡因或罗哌卡因,术毕接一次性病人自控止痛泵进行术后止痛,药液浓度均为0.1125%左旋布比卡因或罗哌卡因100ml加入芬太尼0.2mg。两组给药速度均为2ml/h,PCA量为0.5ml/次(由双亲或患儿按需给予),锁定时间为15分钟。观察术后24小时内镇痛效果。采用3种方式评价镇痛效果:(1)视觉图形模拟评分法。(2)总按次数/有效次数(D/D)比值,反映患儿要求止痛愿望的大小。(3)双下肢运动阻滞恢复程度用改良Bromage法。同时观察术后患儿恶心、呕吐、下肢麻木、尿潴留等不良反应发生率。结果(1)两组患儿年龄、体重、身高、脊柱长度均无明显差异P>0.05。(2)两组术中麻醉平面及手术时间、用药量也无明显差异。(3)两组患儿PCA次数,D/D比值,VASF评分无显著性差异;术后镇痛优良率R组100%,B组95%,组间比较也无显著性差异(4)两组运动阻滞恢复程度术后2h、4h比较无明显差异。(5)两组不良反应发生率相近。结论左旋布比卡因术后硬膜外镇痛效果与进口罗哌卡因相当,术后运动神经阻滞消退速度两组无明显差异,复合芬太尼镇痛效果确切且恶心、呕吐等副作用发生率较低。左旋布比卡因用于小儿术后镇痛与进口罗哌卡因一样安全有效。
出处 《海南医学》 CAS 2006年第8期82-83,共2页 Hainan Medical Journal
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