抗肿瘤药物对护士的职业危害及防护

The Harm to Nurse Resulted from Anti-Tumor Drugs and its Prevention

目的了解抗肿瘤药物对护理人员的职业危害情况。方法对在肿瘤科工作的56例从事护理工作的人员，按接触抗肿瘤药物的时间长短分为两组，观察其前后白细胞数减少、脱发、月经异常情况。结果接触抗肿瘤药物时间6～12个月者30例，其中自细胞数量4．0×10。／L的有7例占23．33％（7／30），有明显脱发的有6例占20．00％（6／30），月经异常的有6例占20．00％（6／30），时间24-36个月者26例，其中白细胞数≤4．0×10。／L的有15例占57．70％（15／26），有明显脱发的有17例占65．38％（17／26），月经异常的有13例占50．00％（13／26），两组间比较差异有显著性意义（P〈O．01）。结论抗肿瘤药物对护士存有职业危害，时间越长危害越大，护士应增强自我保护的意识，加强防护，避免职业危害。

Objective To investigate the harm to Fifty-six nurses working at the department of to the time contacting The drugs, the amounts of nurse resulted from anti-tumor drugs. Methods tumor were divided into two groups according WBC,losing hair and catamenia maladjustment were recorded. Results Among 30 cases contacting the drugs for 6-12 months, the rates of decrease of WBC,losing hair and catamenia maladjustment were 23.33%（7/30）,20.00%（6/30）and 20.00（6/30）, respectively. While among 26 cases contacting the drugs for 24-36 months the rates were 57.70% （15/26）, 65.38% （17/26） and 50. 00% （13/26）, respectively. There was significant difference between two groups（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Anti-tumor drugs may be harmful to nurse. The more time nurse contact the drugs ,the more harmful they receive.