孔雀石／菱锌矿浮选溶液化学研究

SOLUTION CHEMISTRY STUDIES ON FLOTATION OF MALACHITE AND SMITHSONITE

研究了孔雀石和菱锌矿的动电和浮选行为，浮选试验和溶液化学计算表明，Ｎａ２Ｓ硫化作用的主要组分是ＨＳ－，ＨＳ－与矿物表面反应的自由能变化最负的ｐＨ范围与硫化浮选ｐＨ范围一致。孔雀石溶解Ｃｕ２＋在菱锌矿表面的化学反应，可导致菱锌矿表面产生ＣｕＣＯ３沉淀，使菱锌矿表面电性类似于孔雀石表面，菱锌矿在孔雀石澄清液中的浮选受到活化。而菱锌矿溶解Ｚｎ２＋使孔雀石在菱锌矿澄清液中的浮选受到抑制。

This paper presents results of flotation and electrokinetic behavior of malachite and smithsonite.HS-is the dominant species for sulphidizing malachite and smithsonite according to solution chemistry calculation and flotation tests.The change of free energy of chemical reactions between HS-and malachite or smithsonite is more negative around pH 7～9,where sulphidization and xanthate flotation reach the best.The precipitation of CuCO3 on smithsonite may take place when smithsonite is in the malachite supernatant due to the interaction between the dissolved Cu2+ and smithsonite surface.As consequence,the electrokinetic behavior of smithsonite in malachite supernatant is seen to shift to that of malachite in water and the flotation of smithsonite is activated.On the other hand. the flotation of malachite in smithsonite supernatant is depressed due to the bulk precipitation of xanthate with dissolved Zn2+.