武器爆炸条件下冲击波与弹片共同作用数值模拟分析

Velocities and Displacements of Shrapnel and Shock Wave during Blast

研究武器爆炸条件下弹片与冲击波共同作用的规律。给出数值分析的计算假定,分别对爆炸产物弹片及冲击波的运动规律进行分析。对现行计算公式进行了简化推导,所得计算公式与防护工程计算中的现行公式相比,简洁且反映实际情况。分析结论能够方便地确定武器爆炸后空气冲击波和弹片作用到结构物上的前后次序及相应的时间差,为研究冲击波和弹片对结构物的复合作用提供了依据。数值算例表明所给算法是有效的。

Purpose. It is important to minimize the destruction of defense works when blasted. In our opinion, information in the open literature is very deficient. We now present our research results on better and simpler formulas for calculating the velocities and displacements of shrapnel and shock wave; these formulas are indispensable for understanding the destruction of blast. Formulas now available in China are too complicated. In the full paper, we derive eq. （13） as the formula for calculating the velocity of shrapnel and eq. （18） as that for calculating the velocity of shock wave. We used the test data of Dener Research Institute, as reported in Ref. 4, as numerical example and found that our eqs, （13） and （18） give calculated results that agree well with their test data in two respects： （1） both test data and our calculations show that at first shock wave is ahead of shrapnel, then their displacements are equal, and finally shrapnel is ahead of shock wave; （2） when the displacements of shrapnel and shock wave are equal, the time is 0. 34s according to test data and 0. 31s according to our calculations.