四川盆地北部湿地松人工林小气候特征研究

A Study of Microclimate Characteristics of Pinus elliottii Plantations in Northern Sichusan Basin

对四川盆地北部湿地松人工林小气候特征进行了定位观测研究,并以空旷地为对照揭示湿地松林四季对小气候的影响效应。研究结果表明:(1)林内平均气温和最高气温均低于林外,最低温则相反高于林外,林内一天中大部分时间都存在逆温现象;(2)林内空气相对湿度高于林外,白天空气相对湿度自林冠层顶部向下递增,而夜间冠层顶部和林内下部高、中部低;(3)林内土壤温度低于林外,而林内表层土壤湿度高于林外;(4)林内风速小于林外,且自林冠层顶部向下递减;(5)林内蒸发量和降水量小于林外,林冠层对降水的截留率随降雨量的增大而减小;(6)林内CO2浓度白天自林冠层顶部向下递增,而夜间则是林内下部和冠层顶部高、林内中部低。

Positioning were conducted on microclimate characteristics of Pinuus elliottii plantations located in northern Sichuan Basin and compared with the bare land to reveal the effects of pinus elliottii plantations on microclimate in all seasons. The results showed that： （1）The average air temperature and maximum air temperature in forest 〈 those on bare land but the minimum air temperature in forest 〉 that on bare land, furthermore the inversion phenomenon of air temperature existed obviously most of the time in a day. （2）The air relative humidity in forest〉that on bare land, and it gradually increased with the descending height in the daytime in the forest, but in the night, it was high on the canopy layer and at the bottom of forest,and low in the middle of forest. （3）The soil temperature in forest 〈 that on bare land, and the water content of surface soil layer in forest〉that on bare land. （4）The wind speed in forest〈 that on bare land and it gradually decreased with the height descending in the forest. （5）The evaporation and precipitation in forest〈 those on bare land, and the percentage of rain interception of forest canopy decreased with the increased atmospheric precipitation. （6）The CO2 concentration increased with the height descending from the canopy layer to the bottom of forest in the daytime,and in the night,it was high at the bottom and on the canopy layer of forest,and low in the middle of forrest.