论我国仲裁制度中的意思自治原则

A Note on the Principle of Autonomy of Will in the Arbitration System of China

意思自治是指社会成员依理性判断管理自己的事情。其真谛是尊重选择、自主参与和后果自负,并受公序良俗和强行法规定的限制。意思自治原则最初是指当事人经协商一致有权决定合同所应适用的法律,后被发展为合同自由原则,再后又被扩张使用到合同领域外其他具有契约性内容的领域中,如仲裁。意思自治原则是仲裁制度中最根本的原则,表现为当事人、仲裁庭、仲裁机构的三种意思自治形式,并在仲裁原则、仲裁实体制度、仲裁程序、仲裁庭内部以及仲裁庭或仲裁机构与法院的关系上均有体现。要求当事人、仲裁庭、仲裁机构主体独立,三者自由行使自治权,他者不得随意干涉;以当事人意思自治为核心,最大限度地满足当事人的意愿;当事人地位和权利平等;不违背公序良俗和强行法规定。

The essence of autonomy of will is respecting one＇s choice, autonomy in participation and responsibility. Autonomy of will shall be restricted by public order, social morality and mandatory rules of law. The doctrine of autonomy of will is the most fundamental in arbitral system. The doctrine shows itself in three forms in arbitral system： the autonomy of will of parties, of the arbitration tribunal, of the arbitration commission. It is reflected in the principle of arbitration, substantial system of arbitration, arbitral procedure, among members of arbitration tribunal or in the tribunal itself or in the relationship between the arbitration commission and the court. The doctrine requires that parties, the tribunal and the commission be independent subjects and be able to perform their autonomy freely without any interruption. It also requires the autonomy of will of parties be the core and their requests be met to the largest extend. It further requires that the status and rights of parties be equal and not against the public order, social morality and the mandatory rules of law.