城市配送车辆调度模型及算法设计

City delivery vehicle dispatching model and its algorithm

在分析城市货物配送和车辆调度特点的基础上,建立了追求总体效益最优的车辆调度多目标决策模型,并设计分派-节约启发式算法求解该模型。通过分派启发式算法保证最大程度地满足客户的要求,再利用节约算法保证了全局最优。最后对初始解进行局部和整体优化调整以得到较优解。基于该算法设计并开发了城市配送车辆调度系统,运行结果表明:该算法能够有效地解决城市配送的客户满意、总成本最低、配送车辆空载率最小的多目标决策问题。

Based on the analysis of the features of the city goods delivery and vehicle dispatching, a multiobject decision-making model of the velicle dispatching for the optimal overall benefits was built, and an allocating-saving heuristic algorithm to solve the model was designed. The allocating heuristic algorithm ensures the maximum satisfaction of the clients, and the saving algorithm ensures the overall optimization. The excellent solution can be obtained by the local and whole optimizing adjustment of the initial solution. A city delivery vehicle dispatching system was developed based on the algorithm, and its application showed that the suggested algorithm can effectively solve the city goods delivery problems, such as the client maximum satisfaction, the lowest total costs, and the highest vehicle loading rate, etc.